Hindi

Hindi Grammar

The Hindi grammar allows you to manipulate the vocabulary to obtain multiple forms of a word. The grammatical rules below are the most important in Hindi and help connect words or shape the structure. We start with the prepositions:

And:   [] Under:अधीन  [adhin] Before: से पहले  [se phle] After: के बाद  [ke baad] Inside:अंदर  [andr] Outside:बाहर  [baahr] With: साथ  [saath]But: परन्तु  [prntu ] For: के लिए  [ke lie]From: से  [se] To: से  [se] In: में  [men] 

To ask questions, use the following:

What?:क्या?  [kyaa?] Who?:कौन?  [kaun?] How?:कैसे?  [kaise?] Why?:क्यों?  [kyon?] Where?:कहाँ?  [khaan?] 

Some of the most important time adverbs:

Never: कभी नहीं  [kbhi nhin] Rarely: शायद ही कभी  [shaayd hi kbhi] Sometimes: कभी-कभी  [kbhi-kbhi] Usually:आमतौर पर  [aamtaur pr] Always: हमेशा, सदैव, सदा   [hmeshaa, sdaiv, sdaa ] Very:बहुत  [bhut] 

Most commonly used pronouns in Hindi:

I: मैं  [main] You: आप, तुम   [aap, tum ] He: वह  [vh] She: वह  [vh] We:हम  [hm] They: वे  [ve] 

To express the possession of something [possessive form]:

My: मेरा (m) मेरी (f)   [meraa (m) meri (f) ] Your:तुम्हारा  [tumhaaraa]His:उसका  [uskaa] Her: उसकी  [uski] Our: हमारा  [hmaaraa ] Their: उनका  [unkaa ] 

Some random verbs to show how it's being used:

I speak English: मैं अंग्रेजी बोलता(m) /बोलती (f) हूँ |  [main angareji boltaa(m) /bolti (f) hun |] You speak French: तुम/ आप ( you) फ्रेंच बोलते हो /हैं |  [tum/ aap ( you) frenk bolte ho /hain |] He speaks German: वह जर्मन बोलता है |  [vh jrmn boltaa hai |] She speaks Italian: वह इतालवी बोलती है |  [vh itaalvi bolti hai |] I visited France: मैने फ्रांस का दौरा किया |  [maine fraans kaa dauraa kiyaa |] I will drink milk: मैं दूध पीना पीऊँगा |  [main dudh pinaa pioongaaa |] 

Some extra grammatical structures:

I understand you: "मैं तुम्हें समझता/समझती हूँ | "  ["main tumhen smjhtaa/smjhti hun | "] I don't understand you: मैं तुम्हें नहीं समझता हूँ |  [main tumhen nhin smjhtaa hun |] I don't speak French: मैं फ्रेंच बात नहीं करता हूँ - (mein French nahin bolta hoon)  [main frenk baat nhin krtaa hun |]This is my house: यह मेरा घर है |  [yh meraa ghr hai |] That restaurant is far: यह रेस्तरां दूर है |  [yh restraan dur hai |] No problem: कोई समस्या नहीं  [koi smsyaa nhin] 

Hindi learning

One: एक  [ek] Two: दो  [do] Three: तीन  [tin]Four: चार  [kaar] Five:पांच  [paank] Six: छह  [chh] Seven:सात  [saat] Eight: आठ  [aath] Nine: नौ  [nau] Ten: दस  [ds] First:पहला   [phlaa ] Second:दूसरा  [dusraa] 

Days of the week and time expressions:

Monday:सोमवार  [somvaar] Tuesday:मंगलवार  [mngalvaar] Wednesday:बुधवार  [budhvaar] Thursday:बृहस्पतिवार  [brihsptivaar]Friday:शुक्रवार  [shukrvaar]Saturday:शनिवार  [shnivaar] Sunday:रविवार  [rvivaar] Now: अब  [ab] Yesterday: बीता हुआ कल   [bitaa huaa kl ] Today: आज  [aaj] Tonight: आज रात  [aaj raat] Tomorrow: आने वाला कल   [aane vaalaa kl ] 

Most popular fruits and vegetables:

Fruits: फल  [fl] Apples: सेब  [seb]Bananas:केला  [kelaa] Tomatoes:टमाटर  [tmaatr] Potatoes:आलू  [aalu] Onions:प्याज़  [pyaaje] 

Colors that we think are very important to remember:

Red: लाल  [laal] Green:हरा  [hraa] Blue: नीला  [nilaa]White:सफ़ेद  [sfeed] Black:काला  [kaalaa] Grey: धूसर  [dhusr ] 

Some words related to food:

Breakfast:नाश्ता  [naashtaa] Lunch: दोपहर का खाना  [dophr kaa khaanaa] Dinner: रात का खाना  [raat kaa khaanaa] Milk: दूध  [dudh] Coffee:कॉफ़ी  [kofei] Bread: रोटी  [roti]

Weather terms and sensations:

Sunny: चमकीला  [kmkilaa ] Windy: तूफानी  [tufaani ] Rainy:बारिश  [baarish] Snowy: हिमपात  [himpaat ] Cold: ठंड  [thnd] Hot: गर्म  [garm] 

Words related to family and relatives:

Boy:लड़का  [ldekaa] Girl:लड़की  [ldeki] Son: पुत्र, बेटा  [putr, betaa] Daughter:पुत्री  [putri] Brother:भाई  [bhaai] Sister:बहन  [bhn] Man:आदमी  [aadmi] Woman:महिला  [mhilaa] Father:पिता  [pitaa] Mother:मां  [maan] Grandfather:दादा  [daadaa] Grandmother:दादी  [daadi] 

Locations in the house which are talked about more during the day:

House:घर  [ghr] Toilet:प्रसाधन  [prsaadhn] Room:कमरा  [kmraa] Bedroom: सोने का कमरा  [sone kaa kmraa] Kitchen:रसोईघर  [rsoighr]Table: मेज   [mej ] 

Animals and pets popular to everyone:

Cat: बिल्ली  [billi] Dog:कुत्ता  [kuttaa] Mouse:चूहा   [kuhaa ] Bird: पंछी   [pnchi ] Cow:गाय  [gaaay] Horse:घोड़ा  [ghodeaa] 

The clothes most worn by most people:

Socks:मोज़े  [mojee] Shoes:जूते  [jute] Trousers: पतलून  [ptlun ] Shirt:कमीज   [kmij ] Sweater: स्वेट (स्वेटर)  [svet] Coat:कोट  [kot] 

Most popular languages in the world:

English:अंग्रेजी  [angareji]French:फ्रांसीसी  [fraansisi] German:जर्मन  [jrmn] Spanish:स्पेनिश  [spenish] Italian:इतालवी  [itaalvi] Portuguese:पुर्तगाली  [purtgaaali]Greek:यूनानी  [yunaani] Russian:रूसी  [rusi] Arabic: अरबी भाषा  [arbi bhaasaa] Hindi:हिन्दी  [hindi] Chinese:चीनी  [kini] Japanese:जापानी  [jaapaani] 

Most popular terms when traveling:

Taxi: टैक्सी  [taiksi] Bus: बस  [bs] Hotel: होटल  [hotl] Reservation:आरक्षण  [aarksn]Airport: हवाई अड्डे (This is plural, singular would be adda)  [hvaai adde]Passport:पारपत्र  [paarptr] 

Words you can use in class or talking about school:

Student:छात्र  [chaatr] Teacher:अध्यापक  [adhyaapk] Pen:क़लम  [kelm] Books:किताबें  [kitaaben] Page:पृष्ठ  [pristh] Dictionary:शब्दकोश   [shbdkosh ] 

Body parts which are talked about more often:

Hand:हाथ  [haath] Feet: पैर  [pair] Hair: बाल  [baal] Eye:आंख  [aankh] Mouth:मुंह  [munh] Nose:नाक  [naak] 

Emergency vocabulary to ask for help or offer help when needed:

Ambulance:एम्बुलेंस  [embulens]Doctor:चिकित्सक  [kikitsk]Hospital:अस्पताल  [asptaal] Pharmacy:दवाई की दुकान  [dvaai ki dukaan] Police:पुलिस  [pulis] Stomach Ache: पेट में दर्द  [pet men drd]